Estradiol (the most important estrogen in the body) is a steroid hormone that has numerous important functions in females. It is mainly synthesized in and secreted from the placenta, ovarian follicle, and adrenal cortex. Estradiol is responsible for growth of the uterus, Fallopian tubes and vagina; promotion of breast development; maturation of the external genitalia; deposition of body fat in a female distribution; and termination of linear growth. Estradiol stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium in the first half of the menstrual cycle. It is metabolized to estrone and estriol by various target tissues. These compounds appear in the urine.

May be diagnosed by: 

• Determination of specific antibodies based on the ELISA technique
• Determination of specific antibodies based on the RIA-technique

17 ß -Estradiol ELISA:

Competitive immunoenzymatic colorimetric method for quantitative determination of 17 ß -Estradiol in serum or plasma.

Principle of the Assay:

Microtiter strip wells are precoated with anti-Estradiol antibodies (solid-phase). Estradiol in the sample competes with added horseradish peroxidase labelled Estradiol (enzyme-labelled antigen) for antibody binding. After incubation a bound/free separation is performed by solid-phase washing. The immune complex formed by enzyme-labelled antigen is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product. The intensity of this product is  the amount of Estradiol in the sample. Sulphuric acid is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint colour. Absorption at 450 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader.

Specific performance characteristics:  

Correlation with RIA performed on 32 samples is r = 0.991

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